SESIÓN 15 DE DICIEMBRE

ADJETIVOS + PREPOSICIÓN

Detrás de TO BE es frecuente encontrar adjetivos acompañados de una preposición + un nombre, un pronombre o un gerundio. Por ejemplo:

-          He is afraid of dogs

-          I am worried about her.

-          We are tired of working.

Como esta preposición es la misma en cada caso, conviene saberlas de memoria. Para ello, estudia la siguiente lista:

-          afraid of

-          bad for

-          cruel to

-          disappointed in

-          disappointed with

-          excited about

-          good at

-          insulted by

-          interested in

-          involved in

-          late for

-          pleased with

-          proud of

-          satisfied with

-          surprised by

-          terrible at

1. Match I to II to form correct sentences.

I

1. She was surprised
2. Tom’s good
3. Joe’s always late
4. He’s afraid
5. Amy isn’t satisfied
6. I’m very interested
7. I’m worried

II

1. at remembering names
2. by the results of her exam
3. about your poor health
4. in British culture
5. for school because he never wears a watch
6. of large dogs
7. with her job so she’s looking for a new one.

2. Complete the sentences with a suitable preposition below.

at              about              by                   for                  in                    with                                        to                        of

1. I hate people who are cruel ………. animals.
2. We are so proud ……. Tom. He’s the first student from our school to win a maths competition.
3. We’re excited ………. the trip to London. We can’t wait!
4. Anne’s very busy. She’s involved …… many activities.
5. I’m not pleased ……. your work. You can do much better.
6. Don’t read in the dark. It’s bad …. for your eyes.
7. Tina is terrible ……. cooking. Everything she makes tastes awful.
8. We were insulted …… his impolite behaviour.

SUFIJOS PARA FORMAR NOMBRES

 Los sufijos son terminaciones que añadimos a algunas palabras para formar otras nuevas. Para formar nombres a partir de verbos usamos ment, tion, sion y er, or.

Agree             agreement

Invite              invitation

Conclude       conclusion

Run                runner

Sail                 sailor

Otros sufijos para formar nombres son ity, ship, ness y ence/ance, que añadimos a adjetivos, a otros nombres y a algunos verbos.

Personal         personality

Friend                        friendly

Happy                        happiness

Intelligent       intelligence

Appear                      appearance

1. Form nouns adding the appropriate suffixes to the following words:

-          appoint

-          appear

-          converse

-          curious

-          member

-          wait

-          dark

-          important

2. Complete the sentences by adding suitable suffixes to the words below.

imagine                      friend             argue              lead                 differ              assist               happy             possible

1)      We had an ……………….. about which film to watch.

2)      I had no idea what Steve looked like, so I used my ……………………

3)      If you need ……………………………., please call 911.

4)      You can find …………………… on your own – you don’t need a boyfriend or girlfriend to make you feel good.

5)      Your brother is a natural …………………… Everyone admires him.

6)      There’s a …………………… that it will rain, so take an umbrella.

7)      I don’t see the ………………… between the photos. They look exactly the same.

8)      Our …………………. is very important to me. We’re always there for each other.

SUFIJOS PARA FORMAR ADJETIVOS

Los sufijos ED e ING añadidos a verbos dan adjetivos. Los acabados en ED describen cómo se siente uno, y los que terminan en ING, lo que hace que uno se sienta así.

Amaze (sorprender) > Amazed (sorprendido)

                                   Amazing (sorprendente)

Bore

Embarrass

Interest

Shock

Algunos nombres toman los sufijos FUL y LESS y esto ayuda a saber el significado de los adjetivos, ya que FUL quiere decir “con” y LESS “sin”.

Care (cuidado) > Careful (cuidadoso)

                             Careless (descuidado)

Harm

Pain

Use

En cambio otros sólo admiten uno. Por ejemplo, existen PEACEFUL y HOMELESS, pero no PEACELESS o HOMEFUL.

Por último, con los sufijos OUS, AL, ABLE e IVE añadidos a algunos nombres y verbos, también formamos adjetivos.

Danger > Dangerous

Nation

Predict

Attract

1. Choose the correct answer.

a)      The boys were shocked / shocking when they found out that Maribel was a girl.

b)      Are you pleased / pleasing with the presents you got?

c)      I don’t find gossip very interested / interesting.

d)     I’ve got some fascinated / fascinating news for you.

e)      I’m bored / boring. Let’s do something fun!

2. Add the suffix FUL or LESS to the nouns in brackets to complete the sentences below.

a)      This machine is ……………… (USE) because it doesn’t work.

b)      John has never been in an accident. He’s a very ……………….. (CARE) driver.

c)      Thank you for your assistance. You’ve been very …………………. (HELP).

d)     Sri Lanka is usually a tranquil, ………………………… (PEACE) place.

e)      Nothing can help us. The situation is …………………………… (HOPE).

3. Complete the following sentences by a adding a suitable suffix (OUS; AL; ABLE; IVE) to the words in brackets to form adjectives.

a)      I guessed the ending of the story because it was so ………………………… (PREDICT)

b)      You look very ……………………………….. (ATTRACT) in that dress.

c)      What is the ………………………….. (ORIGIN) meaning of that word?

d)     It’s ………………………….. (DANGER) to climb mountains without the right equipment.

e)      I think his story is quite ………………………. (BELIEVE).

f)       John does well in art lessons because he’s very …………………………. (CREATIVE).

g)      Many celebrities live in ……………………….. (LUXURY) houses.

EJERCICIOS REPASO

REPASO PRIMERAS SESIONES. TIEMPOS VERBALES.

1. Complete the sentences with the verbs in brackets. Use the present simple or present continuous.

a)      Laura ………………….. (LOVE) cooking.

b)      My friends and I ……………………… (LEARN) how to drive this year.

c)      What temperature …………… water ………………….. (BOIL) at?

d)     They always …………………….. (WAIT) for the bus on that corner.

e)      Be quiet! I …………………….. (TRY) to concentrate.

2. Rewrite the sentences with the time expressions below.

rarely             every day                   now                tomorrow                  soon

a)      She’s busy, so she’ll call you back later.

b)      Antonella watches the British soap opera EastEnders, and she loves it.

c)      What time are you arriving?

d)     He goes to the cinema, but enjoys watching DVDs at home.

e)      I’m meeting Ben, so I’ve got to leave in five minutes

3. Choose the correct answer.

a)      Someone stole my wallet while I … yesterday.

                  - shopped                    - was shopping

b) Jim .. on the phone when I arrived.

                  - was talking               - talked

c) By the time the waiter brought the dessert, we … our coffee.

                        - had finished             - finished

d) Dan was at basketball practice when he … his knee.

                        - had hurt                    - hurt

e) … that joke before Cindy told it last night?

                        - Did you already hear           - Had you already heard

4. Complete the sentences with the correct form of the verb in brackets. Use the past simple, past perfect simple or past continuous.

a)      Sally ………………….. (HIKE) when she and David met for the first time.

b)      What …………… you ………………… (DO) after you heard the news?

c)      Last night, Joni was wearing the boots she …………………… (BUY) the day before.

d)     By the time we got to the station, their train had already arrived an they ………………. (WAIT) for us.

e)      What DVD …………. you ……………………. (WATCH) when I rang last night?

5. Complete the sentences with the gerund or infinitive form of the verb in brackets.

a)      She’s not upset. She just feels like ……………… (BE) alone.

b)      Don’t forget …………………. (ANSWER) all the questions in the exam.

c)      I remember …………………… (TELL) you about the meeting – you even made a note of it.

d)     We hope …………….. (VISIT) our friends when we’re in London next month.

e)      …………………… (WRITE) e-mails was a great way to get to know my pen-pal better.

f)       He stopped ……………………. (EAT) fast food because it’s not very healthy.

6. Choose the correct answer.

Until the late 1990s, flying between European cities was / has been quite expensive, so people often have chosen / chose to travel by coach, train or car. Recently, however, new airlines have been / were established that offer low-cost flights throughout Europe. When these airlines began / have begun to operate, many experts have believed / believed they would fail. But with thousands of passengers taking advantage of the new lower fares, that didn’t happen / hasn’t happened yet. For many people who haven’t already taken / didn’t take one of these flights, they should think about it – many are now cheaper than a train or coach!

7. Choose the correct answer. One sentences has got two correct answers.

a)      Nicole Kidman would / used to be married to Tom Cruise.

b)      Peter is from Hawaii, so he gets used to / is used to hot weather.

c)      My mother used to / would bake biscuits every day when I was a child.

d)     He wouldn’t / didn’t use to like Chinese food, but now he loves it.

e)      Could you get used to / be used to living in another country?

f)       At first, John hated his new school, but he slowly got used to / was used to it.

g)      My flat is on a busy street, but I rarely notice the noise. I’ve lived here for so long that I am getting used to / am used to it.

8. Choose the correct answers.

Will / Did / Do you like to get greeting cards? Some people need to know that their friends and family hadn’t forgotten / haven’t forgotten / hasn’t forgotten their special day. People have been sending / were sending / will be sending greeting cards for hundreds of years. In the past, greeting cards were expensive, but by the 1850s, they have become / had become / will become much cheaper. Today, in the USA alone, people buy / are buying / bought about seven billion greeting cards each year. These cards are for many different occasions, like get / to get / getting a new job, getting married or moving house. Today, paper cards aren’t more common / common / as common as they were in the past. Recently, people had started / have started / were starting sending electronic cards, or e-cards. But paper greetings cards probably aren’t disappearing / won’t disappear / don’t disappear in the near future. For some people, receiving / to receive / receive an e-card just doesn’t feel special.

9. Now copy the answers you chose in the previous exercise. Explain what tense they are and why you chose them:

           

FUTUROS

FUTURO SIMPLE, FUTURO CONTINUO Y FUTURO PERFECTO.

1. Fill in the gaps with WILL or BE GOING TO and the verbs in brackets.

1)      A: What are you doing this morning, Ted?

B: I …………………………..  (BUY) tickets for the Bruce Springsteen concert.

2)      A: You haven’t sent a Christmas card to Grandma yet.

B: Oh, I forgot. I ……………………….. (WRITE) one later.

3)      A: John is very clever.

B: Yes. He ………………………. (BECOME) a doctor one day.

4)      A: He’s very enthusiastic about art and design.

B: Perhaps he …………………….. (BE) an artist when he is older.

5)      A: Why aren’t you wearing the new jacket I bought you?

B: I don’t like the colour. I …………………….. (CHANGE) it at the shop tomorrow.

6)      A: Are you hungry?

B: Not yet. I ………………………….. (EAT) something later.

7)      A: It’s so cold today.

B: Yes, it ………………… (SNOW) later.

8)      A: The trousers cost $50, sir.

B: Oh. I’m afraid I ………………………….. (NOT TAKE) them. They’re too expensive.

2. Read the sentences below and mark them A, B, C, D or E, according to what they express.

A)    Prediction based on what we think or imagine.

B)    Promise.

C)    On-the-spot decision.

D)    Plan/intention

E)    Prediction based on what we can see or know.

1)      Don’t worry Mum! I won’t stay too late at the party.

2)      Is he going to see Maria in London?

3)      I’m hungry. I’ll make a sandwich.

4)      I am going to see George next week.

5)      Watch out! You’re going to trip over that toy!

6)      I think he will be on time. I suppose he left the house early.

3. Fill in the gaps with the verbs in brackets. Use the present simple, the present continuous or the future simple.

Hi! My name is Nikos and I am a typical Greek teenager. My biggest problem is that my parents …………………………. (NOT LET) me stay out late, but I ………………………….. (UNDERSTAND) why they do it. When I …………………….. (BE) older, they say, I ……………………. (BE ABLE TO) do things my way. Children my age …………………………. (LITEN) to a lot a music in Greece. My favourite singer is Eminem. He ……………………….. (COME) to Greece next month. And guess what! I have a ticket for his concert. I’m so excited!

I also ………………………….. (FANCY) good food, not junk food. My mum …………………… (MAKE) mousaka for me this weekend. Have you ever tried it? It’s great!

4. Use the appropriate future tense to complete the sentences that George might actually say, as in the example.

A)    It’s cold and his brother opens the window.

“You’re going to catch a cold”.

B)    His sister asks him to buy something on the way home.

“Sorry, I can’t. I …………………………………..”.

C)    His uncle asks him what time school starts.

“School ………………………………………….”.

D)    His cousin asks him to go shopping with him tomorrow, but he has arranged to play basketball with his friend Steve.

“Sorry, but I ……………………………………..”.

5. Write the words in the correct order to make sentences. Use the Future Continuous affirmative.

A)    TV / watch / we / tonight

B)    My sister / at 8.00 this evening / get married.

C)    Late / every evening this week / work / Dad.

D)    Visit / us / my cousin / this Christmas.

6. Choose the correct answers.

How will technology be affecting / will technology affect us in the future? Imagine this. You will go / are going to a party tonight and you are going to meet / are meeting new people there. During the party, you will hold / will be holding a mobile phone which allows you to get information about the people at the party. People will be standing / are going to stand around you, and in seconds, you are getting / will get personal details about them such as their names, occupation, hobbies and common friends.

It is hard to say when this type of technology is going to become / will become part of our everyday lives, but there are some ideas about what living with this technology will be / is going to be like. It might seem amazing, but it could be scary, too. Will we be having / will we have control over this technology or will it control us? In any case, it probably won’t be / isn’t going to be easy to keep secrets. Are you ready for this kind of social networking?

7. Choose the correct answer.

1)      During the next two weeks, we will be learning / will have learnt about ancient Rome.

2)      Don’t worry – we won’t have eaten / won’t be eating everything by the time you get there.

3)      At this time tomorrow, I will be having / will have had my hair cut.

4)      I’ve got so much homework, it looks like I will have worked / will be working all weekend.

5)      On 8^th March, we will have lived / will be living in this house for six years.

6)      They will be hearing / will have heard from Ben by now. I wonder what he said.

8. Complete the sentences with the verbs below. Use the Future Perfect or Future Continuous.

land                      do                   write               give                 buy                 wait

1)      All next week, Tower Records …………………………. huge discounts on all their CDs.

By the time I leave the shop, I’m sure I ……………………….. at least 10 CDs!

2)      We …………………………. experiments in the biology lab in the next few months.

Then, after each experiment, we ………………………… reports.

3)      By three o’clock, their plane ………………………………..

Yes, but I’m sure that they ………………………. for their suitcases for another hour!